WWW History

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Date
Description
Web Technology
1960's
GML (Generalized Markup Language) is developed at IBM. Finally, SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) appears.
1991
Web origins in CERN (Centre Européen de Recherche Nucleaire, Geneva). Tim Barners-Lee creates HTML to share graphic information of the experiences with his colleagues.

The first browser is called ViolaWWW.

HTML 1.0 is created based on SGML style.
1992
Mosaic, the second browser is created in the NCSA (National Center for Supercomputing, USA). Improved graphics and prepared for other protocols than HTTP like FTP and Gopher.

Will be the base for later developments: Netscape and Spyglass (later buy by Microsoft and renamed Internet Explorer).

1994
- HTML becomes an open standard.

- The W3C (Wide Word Web Consortium, w3c.org) is created by Tim Barners-Lee to standardize web languages.

- Netscape Navigator appears (from CISCO).

1995
- JavaScript language added to Netscape.

- Microsoft Internet Explorer appears.

HTML 2.0 (+ form file upload)

JavaScript appears.

1996
- JScript added to Internet Explorer (different name to avoid trademark issues).

- Opera browser appears (commercial with trial versions).

CSS level 1 created.

HTML (+ tables, image maps in client-side)

1997
CSS level 2

1997 January: HTML 3.2

1997 December: HTML 4.0

1998
Mozilla Organization founded to create Mozilla Internet Suite, a new free and open-source project for Netscape (≈ Netscape Browser code becomes free).
1999
The term Web 2.0 appears. CSS level 3 (current version until 2009)
2000
Opera browser becomes free of charge (with advertisements). May: ISO HTML standard based on v4.01 strict

XHTML 1.0 (≈ HTML + XML)

2003
- Mozilla Organization becomes Mozilla Foundation due to the non-profit orientation.

- Safari Browser appears for Mac OS.

2004
- Firefox 1.0 appears (from Mozilla Foundation).

- In the O'Reilly Media Web 2.0 Conference Tim O'Reilly defines Web 2.0 as “Web as platform”.

2005
AJAX term created by Jesse James Garrett (Asynchronous JavaScript And XML). That term groups technologies very close to the Web 2.0 concept.
2008
- Google Chrome for MS Windows appears, based on KHTML (Konqueror free code browser from Linux KDE).

- Chromium is the name of the open-source code used in Google Chrome.

Next
Web 3.0?
  • Semantic web and personalization
  • Computers generate content
  • Metaverse: virtual and real world, augmented reality (SecondLife, etc.)